施肥对西双版纳橡胶林土壤CO_2排放的影响

对土地的人工管理影响到土壤CO2的排放。西双版纳是中国橡胶主要种植区,施肥是橡胶林获取更好效益的主要管理措施之一。为探讨施肥对橡胶林土壤CO2排放的影响,选取西双版纳大面积种植的橡胶林,采用静态箱-气相色谱法开展了不同施肥处理试验。结果表明:(1)施肥处理没有改变西双版纳橡胶林土壤CO2排放的时间变化特征;(2)不同施肥处理和对照的西双版纳橡胶林土壤CO2排放均呈现出雨季大于干季的趋势,年排放总量在7.88~7.93 t C·hm-2·a-1;(3)不同施肥处理的土壤CO2月排放量大于对照;(4)施肥处理在一定程度上可促进土壤呼吸,使土壤CO2排放增加,但差异不显著(P0.05)。本研究结果为进一步揭示西双版纳橡胶林生态系统碳循环过程及其机理提供支持,为把握橡胶林碳平衡动态和应对全球变化提供参考,也可为橡胶林的可持续利用提供科学依据。     

Floristic division of the Arctic

Abstract: The progress in the floristic study of the circumpolar Arctic since the 1940s is summarized and a new floristic division of this region is presented. The treeless areas of the North Atlantic and North Pacific with an oceanic climate, absence of permafrost and a very high proportion of boreal taxa are excluded from the Arctic proper. It is argued that the Arctic deserves the status of a floristic region. The tundra zone and some oceanic areas are divided into subzones according to their flora and vegetation. Two groups of subzones are recognized: the Arctic group (including the Arctic tundras proper and the High Arctic) and the Hypoarctic group. The Arctic phytochorion is floristically divided into sectors: 6 provinces and 20 subprovinces reflecting the regional features of each sector in connection with flora history, physiography and continentality-oceanity of the climate. Each sector is described and differentiated by a set of differential and co-differential species. The peculiarities of the Arctic flora are manifest in different ways in the various sectors, and endemism is not the universal criterion for subdivision.     

云南省齿蛉亚科的新种记述(广翅目:齿蛉科)

齿蛉亚科(Corydalinae)为中至大型的广翅目昆虫,头部扁平,头顶方形,两侧多具发达的齿突;触角丝状或近似锯齿状,雌雄同型;翅的径横脉(r)一般3条以上,第一臀脉(1A)分2～3支;雄腹端具肛上突和肛下突各一对。 世界已知9属百余种,主要分布于亚洲南部、美洲和非洲南部。我国种类较多,云     

An outline of the distribution patterns of the freshwater Copepoda of Israel and surroundings

The distribution of the freshwater Copepoda in the Levantine province is analyzed. The characteristics of the five subprovinces of the freshwater fauna in the area are briefly presented and the representative species of Copepoda, mainly of the Harpacticoida, are mentioned. The presence of a palearctic enclave in the mountains of South Sinai and the presence of Ethiopian species in the Jordan-Dead Sea valley, is emphasized.     

安徽黄山发现孟闻琴蛙

琴蛙属(Nidirana)是广泛分布于东洋界的两栖动物，目前安徽省琴蛙属仅记录了弹琴蛙 (N. adenopleura)1种。2022年7月在安徽省黄山地区(九龙峰自然保护区和马金岭自然保护区)采集到9号两栖动物标本，其形态特征与孟闻琴蛙(N. mangveni)相似；此外，基于线粒体COI基因片段的分子系统发育分析显示，此次采集到的琴蛙标本与孟闻琴蛙聚为一支，且具有高的支持率(贝叶斯后验概率/最大似然支持率为1.00/98%)，而且和孟闻琴蛙遗传距离最近，与模式产地的孟闻琴蛙遗传距离仅有0.04%。因此，结合形态比较和分子系统学分析，鉴定此次采集的琴蛙属标本为孟闻琴蛙，为安徽省两栖动物分布新记录种。这一发现将孟闻琴蛙的分布范围扩展至皖南地区，为琴蛙属和皖南地区的生物地理学和地史研究提供了重要数据。     

Crop Genetic Resources Diversity and Sustainable Agriculture in Yunnan Province,China

Yunnan is well known as a "Kingdom of Plant". Yunnan is also rich in natural resources of crop. Lots of studies on collection, conservation, protection, evaluation and utilization of crop genetic resources have been done in recent years. But there are some unfavourable factors, too. With the agricultural intensity, some new problem such as decreasing diversity, simplifying varieties and narrowing genetic basis of crop have arisen to restrict the development of agriculture in Yunnan. The only way to achieve a sustainable agriculture in Yunnan is doing our utmost to protect the crop diversity, develop new crop or new varieties and widen the genetic basis of crop varieties.     

基于生态系统服务功能和生态敏感性的自然生态空间管制分区研究

自然生态空间分区管制是国土空间管制的重要组成部分,也是国内外生态环境研究的热点。针对国内自然生态空间用途管制暂处于试点阶段,有关管制的方法有待进一步探究的情况下,旨在通过江西省自然生态空间管制分区,为实现合理保护自然生态资源,促进自然生态系统健康有序发展提供参考。以江西省为研究对象,借助GIS空间分析技术,通过生态系统服务功能重要性和生态敏感性评价,构建二维关联判断矩阵,进行自然生态空间管制分区,并以此提出相关的管制建议。结果表明:江西省自然生态空间总面积为117924.67 km~2,约占全省总面积的70.66%,从空间上可划分为高重要高敏感区、中度重要敏感区和低重要低敏感区3种类型区;其中,高重要高敏感区以生态保护和生态修复为主,实施严格的区域准入措施;中度重要敏感区可依托区域生态资源优势,合理开展以维护、改善生态系统服务功能为主要目的生态经营活动;低重要低敏感区允许在不破坏生态系统结构和功能的前提下,适度开展一定规模的生产建设活动,减少污染排放,增强区域生态功能。全省16个国家自然保护区基本位于高重要高敏感范围内。基于生态系统服务功能与生态敏感性的自然生态空间管制分区可以为自然生态空间管制提供新思路,从而有效推动管制工作的进行。